Manual Installation

Note

The description in this doc implies that you have U-Boot with UMS support running on your module.

Hint

This guide does only apply for modules with eMMC storage types.

Files

After a Yocto compile, regardless of which BSP you used, you can find all necessary files inside the <image> sub-folder of tmp/deploy/images.

<image> is the bitbake target you built, e.g. karo-image-minimal.

Detailed deploy directory descriptions:

NXP BSP

Mainline BSP

Image Deployment

Image Deployment

Partitioning

First you have to create the desired GPT partitions.

  1. Write the desired partitions using the gpt command. You can copy this from the uuu.auto file generated inside image dir.

    Partition layouts depend on the module used. The fip partition for STM32MP1 requires a specific type-UUID which is listed below. For other modules the fip partition can be removed.

gpt write mmc 0 'start=1MiB,name=fip,type=19D5DF83-11B0-457b-BE2C-7559C13142A5,size=2MiB;name=boot,size=64MiB;name=rootfs,size=2GiB;name=userfs,size=MAX;'

Note

If the partition layout - or a single partition - stays the same, no data will be lost.

  1. View the partitions created:

mmc part

Partition Map for MMC device 0  --   Partition Type: EFI

Part  Start LBA       End LBA         Name
      Attributes
      Type GUID
      Partition GUID
1     0x00000800      0x000017ff      "fip"
      attrs:  0x0000000000000000
      type:   19d5df83-11b0-457b-be2c-7559c13142a5
      guid:   15e87f49-4b57-4f3b-90a5-fdf7130ab72b
2     0x00001800      0x000217ff      "boot"
      attrs:  0x0000000000000000
      type:   ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7
      type:   data
      guid:   5363c5d2-84bc-48ab-a83f-d4277c9004a5
3     0x00021800      0x004217ff      "rootfs"
      attrs:  0x0000000000000000
      type:   ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7
      type:   data
      guid:   ffc805d4-32d0-49ce-bda9-a27f17823678
4     0x00421800      0x0075fbff      "userfs"
      attrs:  0x0000000000000000
      type:   ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7
      type:   data
      guid:   0bc3b9aa-87a6-45c9-ad79-badfaaac7d81

USB Mass Storage

You can use the ums command in U-Boot to turn the module into a USB mass storage device. This will export all partitions from eMMC user area to your host.

Make sure the module is connected to your host via USB.

ums 0 mmc 0

You can also export single partitions using their :index or #partlabel.

E.g.:

ums 0 mmc 0:2

This does the same:

ums 0 mmc 0#boot

Host Computer

On your host computer you have to figure out, as which /dev/* the module storage was enumerated.

One way is to use the lsblk command:

lsblk -o name,mountpoint,partlabel,size

The output should look something like this:

NAME        MOUNTPOINT                 PARTLABEL   SIZE
...
sdb                                                3,7G
├─sdb1                                 fip           2M
├─sdb2                                 boot         64M
├─sdb3                                 rootfs        2G
└─sdb4                                 userfs      1,6G
...

Warning

/dev/sdb3 is just valid for the examples on this page. Not knowing what you’re doing can lead to data loss on your host!

Copying a Filesystem

Note

When you’d try mounting a single partition on your host now, you’d get something like:

mount: /mnt: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb3, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.

Luckily Yocto already creates ready-to-use .ext4 filesystems. You can directly dd them to the target.

sudo dd if=tmp/deploy/images/txmp-1570/karo-image-minimal/karo-image-minimal-txmp-1570.ext4 of=/dev/sdb3

The result should look like this:

262144+0 records in
262144+0 records out
134217728 bytes (134 MB, 128 MiB) copied, 32,6599 s, 4,1 MB/s

Copying single Files

Copying single files requires the partitions to contain a filesystem. The best way to achieve this, is to copy the .ext4 files like mentioned above.

What will also work is creating the filesystem by hand, e.g.:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3

Then you can mount the partition:

sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt

Note

For accessing single files inside the .ext4 files, you can also mount them:

sudo mount -o loop karo-image-minimal-txmp-1570.ext4 /tmp/mountpoint

Copy a file:

sudo cp /tmp/mountpoint/etc/hostname /mnt/etc/

Tip

To sync data and prevent data-loss always unmount the target partition!

sudo umount /mnt

Target Configuration

To correctly boot the data you just copied, you might have to fit the U-Boot environment accordingly.

Refer to Environment.